Factors Contributing to Management of OpenDefecation-Free Movement of Sanitation in Mahottari District in Nepal
Keywords:
Factors, Implementation, Open Defecation Free, MovementAbstract
Annually, a huge amount of money is being spent in sanitation sector in Nepal by both government and non-governmental organizations and many places have been declared Open Defecation Free (ODF) zone. A sum of NRs 300 million was spent for sanitation by Department of Water Supply and Sewerage only. Similarly, there are other agencies pouring massive amount in this sector in pursuit of declaring ODF zone. It is difficult to maintain the status for a long term. There is evidence that the declared ODF zones slip back to open defecation as the time passes by. This has generated a big question on sustaining the status within the area, putting immense pressure on exploring the factors that govern towards achieving and maintaining the status. Therefore, in this context, the study was carried out to assess the factors responsible for achieving and maintaining the status of Mahottari district of Nepal. Household surveys and key informants with the local implementers and the personnel associated with the implementation were interviewed to identify the aforementioned factors that work in favor and against the open defecation status. The study has identified seven broad categories that either push or pull the communities in achieving ODF status. Out of many factors, the commitment, coordination and communication trigger the community to declare ODF zone whereas pulls the community away from it. It was found out that the communities of Mahottari district have developed a social code of conduct including award and penalties to maintain the status of ODF zone.
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