Digital and Robotic Transformation of Surgery: From Image Guidance To Autonomous Intervention
Keywords:
Robotic Surgery, Digital Healthcare, Artificial Intelligence, Image-Guided Surgery, Autonomous Systems, Smart Healthcare, Surgical RoboticsAbstract
Robotic and digital technologies are revolutionizing modern surgical
practices by enabling a transition from conventional image-guided
procedures to advanced semi-autonomous and autonomous
interventions. The integration of high-resolution imaging modalities such
as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), and
real-time intraoperative imaging has significantly enhanced the accuracy
of surgical planning and execution. In parallel, advancements in sensing
technologies and intelligent control systems have enabled precise
instrument tracking, real-time feedback, and adaptive decision-making.
Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) algorithms further
enhance robotic capabilities by enabling predictive analytics, motion
optimization, and autonomous assistance during surgical procedures.
Emerging technologies such as digital twins, edge computing, and
cloud-based platforms are facilitating real-time data processing,
simulation, and remote surgical interventions. These innovations
have improved surgical outcomes by reducing human error, minimizing
invasiveness, and accelerating patient recovery. However, challenges
such as high costs, system complexity, ethical considerations, and
regulatory requirements remain significant barriers. This review provides
a comprehensive analysis of the digital and robotic transformation of
surgery, highlighting key technologies, applications, challenges, and
future directions.
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