Sustainability Criteria for Water Resource Systems: Sustainable Development and Management
Keywords:
Sudan, Water resources development, Community water supply, Effective water-supply management, Environment EAbstract
For the thirty-nine million people, who live in Sudan, environmental pollution is a major concern; therefore industry, communities, local authorities and central government, to deal with pollution issues, should adopt an integrated approach. Most polluters pay little or no attention to the control and proper management of polluting effluents. This may be due to a lack of enforceable legislation and/or the fear of spending money on the treatment of their effluent prior to discharge. Furthermore, the imposed fines are generally low and therefore do not deter potential offenders.
References
1. Anon. (1979). Map of the world distribution regions. MAB Tech Note 7.
2. ASCE Task Committee on sustainability criteria. (1998). Sustainability criteria for water resource systems. Reston, Virginia, USA: ASCE.
3. Brown, L.R., Renner, M., and Halweil, B.L. (1999). Vital signs 1999. New York, USA.
4. EPA. (2008). Inventory of USA GHG emissions and sinks: 1990-2007.
5. FAO United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation. (1999). The state of food in security in the world. Rome. Italy.
6. FAO. (2003). Review of world water resources by country. Rome: FAO.
7. James, W. (1994). Managing water as economic resources. Overseas Development Institute (ODI). UK.
8. Noureddine, R.M. (1997). Conservation planning and management of limited water resources in arid and semi-arid areas. In: Proceedings of the 9th Session of the Regional Commission on Land and Water Use in the Near East. Rabat: Morocco. p. 15-21.
9. Omer, A.M. (1995). Water resources in Sudan. NETWAS 2(7).
10. Omer, A.M. (2000). Water and environment in Sudan: the challenges of the new millennium. NETWAS 7(2): 1-3.
11. Omer, A.M. (2002). Focus on groundwater in Sudan. International Journal of Geosciences Environmental Geology 41(8): 972-976.
12. Overseas Development Administration (ODA). (1987). Sudan profile of agricultural potential. Survey. UK.
13. Salih, A.M.A.; and Ali, A.A.G. (1992). Water scarcity and sustainable development. Nature and Resources 28(1). 14. Seckler, D. (1992). Private sector irrigation in AfricaWater resources and irrigation policy studies. Win rock International Institute for Agricultural Development.
15. Sheu, H., and Hong, T. (2008). Performance evaluation model for project managers using managerial practices. Project Management 25 (6): 543-551.
16. Skinner, K.S., and Bruce-Burgess, L. (2005). Strategic project level river restoration protocols- key components for meeting the requirements of the water framework directive. J. Charted Institute Water Environmental Management. 19 (2): 135-142.
17. UNESCO Working Group M.IV. (1999). Sustainability criteria for water resource systems. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press
2. ASCE Task Committee on sustainability criteria. (1998). Sustainability criteria for water resource systems. Reston, Virginia, USA: ASCE.
3. Brown, L.R., Renner, M., and Halweil, B.L. (1999). Vital signs 1999. New York, USA.
4. EPA. (2008). Inventory of USA GHG emissions and sinks: 1990-2007.
5. FAO United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation. (1999). The state of food in security in the world. Rome. Italy.
6. FAO. (2003). Review of world water resources by country. Rome: FAO.
7. James, W. (1994). Managing water as economic resources. Overseas Development Institute (ODI). UK.
8. Noureddine, R.M. (1997). Conservation planning and management of limited water resources in arid and semi-arid areas. In: Proceedings of the 9th Session of the Regional Commission on Land and Water Use in the Near East. Rabat: Morocco. p. 15-21.
9. Omer, A.M. (1995). Water resources in Sudan. NETWAS 2(7).
10. Omer, A.M. (2000). Water and environment in Sudan: the challenges of the new millennium. NETWAS 7(2): 1-3.
11. Omer, A.M. (2002). Focus on groundwater in Sudan. International Journal of Geosciences Environmental Geology 41(8): 972-976.
12. Overseas Development Administration (ODA). (1987). Sudan profile of agricultural potential. Survey. UK.
13. Salih, A.M.A.; and Ali, A.A.G. (1992). Water scarcity and sustainable development. Nature and Resources 28(1). 14. Seckler, D. (1992). Private sector irrigation in AfricaWater resources and irrigation policy studies. Win rock International Institute for Agricultural Development.
15. Sheu, H., and Hong, T. (2008). Performance evaluation model for project managers using managerial practices. Project Management 25 (6): 543-551.
16. Skinner, K.S., and Bruce-Burgess, L. (2005). Strategic project level river restoration protocols- key components for meeting the requirements of the water framework directive. J. Charted Institute Water Environmental Management. 19 (2): 135-142.
17. UNESCO Working Group M.IV. (1999). Sustainability criteria for water resource systems. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press
Published
2018-12-04
