Journal of Advanced Research in Operational and Marketing Management

A Study on analysis of stocks with special reference to ICICI, Axis Bank, Bajaj Finserv, Motilal Oswal at Sampadha Research and Financial Consultancy

2026-07-15T05:31:37+00:00

The stock market plays a significant role in the economic development of a country by providing investment opportunities and facilitating capital formation. Equity investment has become one of the most preferred investment avenues for investors seeking long-term wealth creation. The present study analyses the equity share performance of ICICI Bank, Axis Bank, Motilal Oswal Financial Services and Bajaj Finserv during the period from January 2026 to June 2026. The study is based on secondary data collected from reliable sources such as NSE, BSE, Moneycontrol and company annual reports. Statistical tools such as Rate of Return, Percentage Change, Mean, Standard Deviation, Sharpe Ratio, Correlation Analysis and Regression Analysis have been used to evaluate the risk and return characteristics of the selected companies. The findings reveal that although the selected companies experienced short-term fluctuations, they maintained satisfactory overall performance during the study period. The study concludes that investment in fundamentally strong financial service companies offers good long-term investment opportunities despite market volatility.

A Study on Customer Perception Towards Gold Loan Services of Manappuram Finance Limited

2026-07-18T04:13:14+00:00

The gold loan industry has emerged as one of the fastest-growing segments of the Indian financial services sector due to the increasing demand for quick, secure, and hassle-free credit facilities. Gold loans have become an attractive financing option for individuals because they provide immediate liquidity against pledged gold ornaments with minimal documentation and rapid loan processing. Among the leading Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) in India, Manappuram Finance Limited has established a strong market presence by offering customer-centric gold loan products, competitive interest rates, and efficient service delivery.

The present study examines the customer perception towards gold loan services offered by Manappuram Finance Limited. The study aims to analyse customer awareness, satisfaction, service quality, loan processing efficiency, interest rates, employee behaviour, repayment flexibility, and overall customer experience. Primary data were collected through a structured questionnaire from 102 respondents using a convenience sampling technique. The study adopts a descriptive research design and utilizes statistical tools such as percentage analysis, mean, median, standard deviation, correlation, and regression analysis to interpret the collected data.

The findings indicate that most customers prefer Manappuram Finance due to its quick loan disbursement, transparent procedures, convenient repayment options, and courteous staff behaviour. Customer satisfaction is strongly influenced by service quality, trust, branch accessibility, and competitive interest rates. However, some respondents expressed concerns regarding interest rate fluctuations, processing charges, and awareness of digital services. Correlation and regression analyses demonstrate that service quality and customer trust significantly influence overall customer satisfaction and future recommendation intentions.

The study concludes that continuous improvement in digital banking services, customer education, transparent pricing policies, and personalized customer support can further strengthen customer satisfaction and loyalty towards Manappuram Finance Limited. The findings provide valuable insights for financial institutions, policymakers, researchers, and managers seeking to improve customer experience and sustain competitive advantage in the gold loan market.

A Study on the Consumer Awareness and Perception towards Home Loans.”

2026-07-15T06:05:33+00:00

Consumer awareness and perception are crucial in determining the success of financial institutions in delivering home loan services. The main objective of this study is to analyse consumer awareness regarding home loan products and services and to assess the various factors influencing consumer awareness, perception, satisfaction, trust, and overall preference for home loan services. A structured questionnaire was used to collect primary data from 72 respondents. The collected data were analysed using various statistical tools such as percentage analysis, frequency analysis, and graphical representation to interpret the results. The findings show that the majority of the respondents are aware of the home loan services offered by the selected housing finance company and perceive it as a reliable and customer-friendly financial institution. Most respondents expressed positive views regarding competitive interest rates, quick loan processing, flexible repayment options, transparency in loan procedures, and customer service. The study further reveals that higher awareness, efficient service delivery, timely loan processing, and staff support positively influence customer perception and satisfaction. However, some respondents expressed concerns regarding documentation requirements, loan disbursement time, and the behaviour of sales personnel during the loan application process. The study concludes that the selected housing finance company has developed a positive image among its customers by providing accessible and affordable home loan solutions. It recommends strengthening customer awareness initiatives and enhancing customer relationship management to further improve customer satisfaction and reinforce its competitive position in the housing finance sector.

An Assessment of 4Ps Marketing Tactics on Customer Loyalty and Satisfaction in the Automotive Market

2026-07-15T06:12:35+00:00

The marketing mix plays a vital role in influencing customer satisfaction and organizational success in the highly competitive automobile industry. The four elements of the marketing mix Product, Price, Place, and Promotion (4Ps)—help organizations understand customer needs, develop competitive strategies, and build long-term customer relationships. In India's two-wheeler market, customer satisfaction is significantly influenced by product quality, pricing policies, dealership services, promotional activities, and the availability of products. Honda Motors Ltd. has established a strong reputation by providing reliable vehicles, innovative technology, quality after-sales services, and customer-oriented marketing strategies. The present study aims to examine the effectiveness of Marketing Mix (4Ps) strategies on customer satisfaction at Honda Motors Ltd., Avanigadda. The study analyses customers' perceptions regarding product quality, pricing, promotional activities, dealership location, after-sales service, and their overall satisfaction. Primary data were collected through a structured questionnaire from 53 respondents using a convenience sampling technique. A descriptive research design was adopted, and statistical tools such as percentage analysis, mean, median, standard deviation, correlation, and regression analysis were employed to analyze the collected data. The findings reveal that customers are generally satisfied with Honda's product quality, fuel efficiency, pricing policy, dealership services, and after-sales support. Product quality and service quality were found to be the major determinants of customer satisfaction, while promotional activities and dealership accessibility also positively influenced customer perceptions. Correlation and regression analyses indicate that the elements of the marketing mix significantly affect customer satisfaction and purchase decisions. The study concludes that continuous improvement in promotional strategies, digital marketing, customer relationship management, after-sales services, and innovative product offerings can further strengthen customer satisfaction and enhance Honda Motors Ltd.'s competitive position in the automobile market.

A Study on Financial Statement Analysis Using Comparative and Common Size

2026-07-15T05:18:44+00:00

Financial Statement Analysis is a systematic process used to evaluate an organization's financial performance, stability, and operational efficiency by examining information presented in its financial statements. It enables management, investors, creditors, and other stakeholders to assess the financial health of a business and make informed decisions. Through the application of analytical tools such as comparative statements, common-size statements, trend analysis, ratio analysis, cash flow analysis, and fund flow analysis, organizations can identify strengths, weaknesses, growth patterns, and areas requiring improvement. Financial statement analysis also assists in evaluating profitability, liquidity, solvency, and overall financial performance over a specific period. This study highlights the concept, objectives, significance, methods, advantages, and limitations of financial

statement analysis. It further explains how these analytical techniques support effective financial planning, decision-making, and long-term organizational growth. The study provides a

comprehensive understanding of financial statement analysis and its practical importance in assessing the financial position and performance of business enterprises.

“A STUDY ON TREND ANALYSIS OF NON-PERFORMING ASSETS”

2026-07-14T12:23:27+00:00

Non-Performing Assets (NPAs) are a key indicator of asset quality and financial health in banking institutions, and understanding the relationship between Gross NPA, Net NPA, and profitability is essential for assessing a bank's credit risk management. This paper examines the trend and statistical relationship between Gross NPA Ratio, Net NPA Ratio, and Net Profit of KDCC Bank Ltd., Machilipatnam over a five-year period (2020-21 to 2024-25), using secondary data drawn from the bank's annual reports. Correlation and regression analysis were applied to test the relationship between these variables. The results show a very strong positive correlation between Gross NPA Ratio and Net NPA Ratio (r = 0.993224), while both showed only a weak positive correlation with Net Profit (r = 0.029634 and r = 0.034740 respectively). Regression analysis further confirmed that Net NPA Ratio has a statistically significant positive effect on Gross NPA Ratio (R² = 0.842846, Significance F = 0.027804, p < 0.05). These findings indicate that while Gross and Net NPA move very closely together, the bank's Net Profit has remained largely independent of short-term fluctuations in its NPA ratios, suggesting adequate provisioning and stable underlying credit management at KDCC Bank Ltd. The paper concludes with suggestions for sustaining this trend.

Consumer Buying Behaviour Towards Electric Vehicles: A Study among Consumers in India

2026-07-14T11:05:38+00:00

The automobile industry is experiencing a significant transformation due to growing environmental concerns, increasing fuel prices, rapid technological advancements, and supportive government policies promoting sustainable transportation. Electric Vehicles (EVs) have emerged as an environmentally friendly alternative to conventional internal combustion engine vehicles. The present study aims to examine consumer buying behaviour towards Electric Vehicles by analysing the awareness, perceptions, purchase intentions, and factors influencing consumers' decisions. The study is based on primary data collected through a structured questionnaire from 100 respondents using a convenience sampling technique. Descriptive research methodology was adopted to analyse consumer responses. Statistical tools such as percentage analysis, mean, median, standard deviation, correlation, and regression analysis were employed to interpret the collected data. The findings reveal that consumers possess a satisfactory level of awareness regarding Electric Vehicles, and environmental concern, operating cost savings, technological advancement, government subsidies, and charging infrastructure significantly influence purchasing decisions. Correlation analysis indicates a positive relationship between consumer awareness and purchase intention, while regression analysis confirms that awareness and environmental perception significantly affect consumers' willingness to purchase Electric Vehicles. Although respondents generally hold favourable attitudes toward EVs, concerns regarding charging infrastructure, battery life, and initial purchase cost continue to influence buying decisions.

The study concludes that improving charging facilities, increasing public awareness, strengthening government incentives, and reducing purchase costs can substantially accelerate Electric Vehicle adoption in India. The findings of this research provide useful insights for policymakers, automobile manufacturers, marketers, and researchers seeking to promote sustainable transportation and encourage greater consumer acceptance of Electric Vehicles.

A Study on Credit Risk Management in a Non-Banking Financial Company (NBFC)

2026-07-15T05:41:36+00:00

Credit risk management plays a crucial role in ensuring the financial stability and profitability of Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs). This study examines on credit risk management. The study aims to understand the loan approval process, analyse customers' repayment behaviour, and evaluate customer satisfaction regarding the company's credit risk management.

The study is based on primary data collected through a structured questionnaire administered to 73 borrowers of Finnable credit pvt ltd. Descriptive statistics, percentage analysis, correlation analysis, and regression analysis were used to analyse the collected data.

The findings reveal that the majority of respondents are self-employed borrowers who prefer business loans and maintain a good repayment record. The correlation analysis indicated a strong positive relationship between monthly income and EMI repayment behaviour (r = 0.891). The regression analysis showed that the model explains 93.1% of the variation in repayment behaviour (R² = 0.931), indicating excellent explanatory power.

The study concludes that NBFC. has adopted an effective credit risk management system that ensures high customer satisfaction, minimizes loan defaults, and strengthens the company's overall financial performance.

A Study on Analysis of Key Influential Factors towards customer purchasing behaviour patterns

2026-07-14T11:18:07+00:00

Customer purchasing behaviour is a critical aspect of retail marketing, as it enables organizations to understand consumer preferences and develop effective business strategies. The study focuses on factors such as product quality, price, promotional offers, brand image, store ambience, and customer service,

The study adopts a descriptive and correlational research design. Primary data were collected from 100 customers of using a structured questionnaire based on a five-point Likert scale. Convenience sampling was employed for selecting the respondents. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation analysis, and simple linear regression analysis to examine the relationships among the study variables and test the proposed hypothesis. The findings indicate that the selected factors have a positive and statistically significant influence on customer purchasing behaviour. The correlation analysis revealed significant positive relationships between the independent variables and customer purchasing behaviour, while the regression analysis confirmed that these factors significantly predict customers' purchasing decisions.

Determinants of Customer Satisfaction with Digital Banking Services: Evidence from India Post Payments Bank

2026-07-16T05:16:27+00:00

Customer Preference and Financial Productivity of the Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana: Evidence from India Post Payments Bank

2026-07-14T10:39:17+00:00

The Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana (SSY) is a flagship Government of India small-savings scheme designed to secure the financial future of the girl child. This study examines the determinants of customer preference for SSY and the scheme's perceived financial productivity, with reference to India Post Payments Bank (IPPB). Primary data were collected from 115 respondents through a structured, Likert-scaled questionnaire and analysed using percentage analysis, descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, multiple regression, and ANOVA. Respondents held positive perceptions across all constructs (means above 3.0), with satisfaction and performance rated highest (3.29). Correlation analysis revealed a strong association between financial-productivity factors and satisfaction (r = 0.827). The regression model explained 72.5% of the variance in preference and satisfaction (R² = 0.725) and was highly significant (F = 97.45, p < 0.001). Financial-productivity factors (B = 0.555, p < 0.001) and social and cultural factors (B = 0.287, p = 0.001) significantly influenced preference, whereas economic factors did not (B = 0.001, p = 0.992). The findings show that attractive, government-guaranteed long-term returns and social-cultural motivations — rather than immediate economic circumstances — drive preference, and they highlight IPPB's role in extending the scheme through its postal network.

Investor Preference towards Systematic Investment Plans and Lump-Sum Investment in Mutual Funds: An Empirical Study

2026-07-14T11:28:43+00:00

The Facebook and WhatsApp Merger: Reassessing Market Power and digital Dominance

2026-06-01T06:39:37+00:00

The rising interdependence of data protection and competition law has sparked a global discussion as to what role, if any, anti-trust authorities have in regulating privacy breaches. This research paper considers competition law’s response to privacy violations by looking at two case studies: the German Federal Cartel Office’s (FCO) investigation into Facebook’s conduct and the Competition Commission of India's (CCI) investigation of WhatsApp. Both investigations present the nuanced issues arising when data is collected, integrated, and taken across platforms for commercial gain, which could enhance market power while detrimentally impacting privacy. The paper considers the legal and economic rationale, challenges in the regulatory landscape, and emanating policy challenges raised in both contexts to call for a more holistic view to regulate harm that has simultaneous market failures in regard to competition and privacy. While the privileged status of privacy as a data protection failure is unquestioned, a breach of privacy in competitive law should beckon regulation where competition is distorted or market dominance is achieved. The findings of the research contribute to the ongoing policy debate on the harmonisation of competition and data protection regimes in relation to consumer rights and undertaking equitable digital markets.

Does Social Capital impact Human Capital: The Case of Scheduled Tribes of Keralam

2026-06-01T06:59:21+00:00

The study aims to investigate and establish the efficacy of social capital in enhancing the human capital of the scheduled tribes in Keralam. Social capital, characterised by social network relationships, plays a pivotal role in fostering people's development by facilitating economic growth through cooperation and coordination. It encompasses three dimensions: bonding, bridging, and linking. Primary data were collected from the major tribes in the Kasaragod district of Keralam, namely Mavilan, Marati, and Malavettuvan. The social capital endowment of the scheduled tribes was evaluated based on a social capital index that combines various dimensions of social capital. The study utilised descriptive statistical analyses to determine the significance of social capital in relation to the respondents' years of schooling and body mass index (BMI). The findings indicate a significant relationship between the average years of schooling among scheduled tribes and their social capital. However, it is noteworthy that there is only a slight difference in the BMI of the scheduled tribes. It is suggested that social capital exerts a more pronounced influence on the education of the scheduled tribes rather than their health.

Leveraging Currency Hedging Strategies to Optimize Export Factoring: A Comprehensive Analysis of Risk Management and Financial Performance

2026-06-01T06:32:19+00:00

This study explores the role of currency hedging in enhancing the performance of export factoring among small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Export factoring serves as a critical financial instrument for SMEs engaged in international trade by improving liquidity and mitigating payment risks. With increasing volatility in foreign exchange markets, many exporters resort to hedging tools to protect against currency fluctuations. The research seeks to evaluate whether these hedging practices deliver measurable financial benefits for SMEs using factoring services. A quantitative approach was adopted for the study. Primary data was collected through a structured questionnaire administered to 31 SME clients of a factoring service provider in India. The data was analyzed using Chi-Square and one-way ANOVA tests to evaluate two primary hypotheses: (1) the impact of currency hedging on financial stability and (2) the relationship between company size and the adoption of hedging strategies. The results revealed no statistically significant relationship between currency hedging and improved financial stability for SMEs involved in export factoring. Additionally, company size did not significantly influence the decision to use currency hedging tools. These findings suggest that, while hedging is commonly practiced, its direct financial benefits in the context of factoring are not guaranteed. The limited impact may stem from the standardized nature of hedging tools, which may not align well with the unique operational models of individual SMEs. The study emphasizes the need for exporters and financial institutions to adopt more tailored and data-driven approaches to currency risk management. Customized hedging strategies, aligned with specific business profiles and transaction patterns, are recommended to improve financial outcomes. Additionally, policy-level support can enhance the integration of effective hedging practices within export financing frameworks. This research adds value by focusing on the underexplored intersection of currency risk management and export factoring among SMEs in emerging economies. It offers practical insights into optimizing hedging strategies and highlights the limitations of one-size-fits-all approaches in dynamic international trade environments.

Mathematical Optimization of Intelligent Transportation Networks for Smart City Efficiency

2026-06-06T12:16:49+00:00

Purpose:This study investigates the role of optimizing intelligent transportation networks in enhancing the mobility outcomes of smart cities and the role of governance capacity in moderating these outcomes in the urban systems of the world. We present and validate the SmartTransMathOpt Model using a harmonized secondary data set of smart cities employing algorithm-based traffic management for the years 2019-2025.

Methods: We evaluate traffic flow algorithms, route scheduling, and real time data integration as core optimization processes, and assess to what extent these processes are related to time savings, reduction in congestion, energu efficiency, and reliability of the service, using standardized metrics and moderated regression analysis.

Findings:We establish that among the efficiency and reliability outcomes, real time data integration had the strongest and most consistent impact, while traffic flow algorithms and route scheduling had different, but complementary impacts. While governance capacity does not replace technological intensity, it determines whether the optimizations translate into rational and scalable performance improvements. Most importantly, this study identifies the governance conditioned optimization pathway, which explains why similar smart mobility technologies implemented in different cities produce divergent impacts.

Value: In smart city systems theory, this study refines the body of knowledge and for urban policy makers and planners globally, it provides actionable insights to effectively integrate data driven and resilient with sustainable transportation systems.

Health, Wellness & Spiritual Tourism for Quality of Life

2026-05-19T05:35:49+00:00

This article investigates the role of Spirituality, Tourism and Quality of Life in tourist decisions to visit specific places. It is apparent from current global trends that religious based spiritual tourism which enhances the quality of life of many travelers, has become prevalent and is now very popular especially as travelling is becoming far more accessible for many people. World Tourism Organization (2009) asserts that global tourism is one of the fastest growing industries and a core driver when it comes to global economic development. Tourism is regularly analyzed as an expression of human behavior and thus where people go and why they travel there is worth investigating. Tourism marketing and promotion is reflected upon as an essential aspect for successful tourism development. Consequently, all tourism traffic, both local and international, for a wide range of purposes including religious and spiritual purposes, has increased significantly. Accordingly, the profiles of tourists and their perception about spirituality, wellness tourism and quality of life are important considerations when it comes to the effective marketing of tourism products and services.