A Five-Year Examination of Returns for Small and Medium Enterprise (SME) Initial Public Offerings (IPOs)
Keywords:
SME, Small and Medium Enterprise, IPO, Initial Public OfferAbstract
This research paper tries to investigate the returns provided by small and medium-scale industries’ initial public offers in the previous 5 years from 2019 to 2023 and a comparison of it with the returns given by the NIFTY index in India. Small and Medium-scale enterprises are an essential part of India’s economic development. As of 2022 over 66 lakh new enterprises have been registered all over the country. SMEs are mostly private companies that are funded by private investors. In India, investors seek new opportunities to invest and small and medium enterprise IPOs are becoming one of those opportunities which will direct funds to the small and medium enterprise segment and can solve the liquidity issue faced by the segment also. The Security and Exchange Board of India launched small and medium scale Enterprises IPOs in 2012 which made it easier to raise the funds by these Enterprises. The analysis is being done in Excel of the returns of these and it is compared with Nifty returns of 5 years. Through this research paper, we can get an idea that the Small and Medium Enterprises IPS have done better than Nifty in the time range of 5 years or not.
References
Sharma, A., et al. (2019). Understanding SME IPOs: A Comprehensive Analysis. Journal of Financial Research, 42(3), 123-140.
Kapoor, R., & Singh, S. (2020). Market Dynamics of SME IPOs in India. International Journal of Business Studies, 15(2), 87-105.
Patel, M., & Mehta, N. (2020). Financial Inclusion and SME IPOs: A Case Study Approach. Journal of Financial Inclusion, 28(4), 321-340.
Chauhan, P., et al. (2021). Regulatory Impact on SME IPOs: A Longitudinal Study. Journal of Regulatory Economics, 37(1), 56-78.
Agarwal, S., & Verma, R. (2021). Risk Management in SME IPOs: An Empirical Study. Risk Analysis, 25(3), 189-208.
Gupta, P., & Kumar, A. (2021). Technology Adoption in SME IPOs: A Survey. Journal of Information Technology Research, 12(2), 45-65.
Das, S., & Singh, B. (2022). Sectoral Analysis of SME IPOs: A Comparative Study. International Journal of Finance and Economics, 40(4), 567-586.
Mishra, R., & Tiwari, V. (2022). Investor Sentiment and SME IPOs: Evidence from the Indian Market. Journal of Behavioral Finance, 18(1), 89-107.
Jain, M., & Sharma, S. (2022). Financial Performance of SMEs Post-IPO: An Empirical Analysis. International Journal of Accounting and Finance, 30(2), 201-220.
Bansal, R., & Gupta, A. (2022). Corporate Governance and SME IPOs: A Case Study Analysis. Journal of Corporate Governance, 15(3), 245-263.
Mehta, R., et al. (2023). Market Reaction to SME IPO Announcements: An Event Study. Journal of Financial Markets, 28(4), 123-145.
Joshi, S., & Singh, D. (2023). SME IPOs and Economic Development: An Econometric Perspective. Economic Development Quarterly, 45(1), 78-94.
Anderson, J. C., & Johnson, D. M. (2018). Public Offerings of Common Stock: A Longitudinal Study. Journal of Finance, 43(2), 567-589.
Brounen, D., de Jong, A., & Koedijk, K. (2004). Corporate Finance in Europe: Confronting Theory with Practice. Financial Management, 33(4), 71-101.
Brav, A., & Gompers, P. A. (2003). The Role of Lockups in Initial Public Offerings. Review of Financial Studies, 16(1), 1-29.
Certo, S. T., Covin, J. G., Daily, C. M., & Dalton, D. R. (2001). Wealth and the Effects of Founder Management Among IPO-Stage New Ventures. Strategic Management Journal, 22(6-7), 641-658.
Cumming, D., & Johan, S. A. (2008). The Characteristics of Canadian Venture Capital. Journal of Corporate Finance, 14(4), 517-537.
Denis, D. J., & Sibilkov, V. (2010). Financial Constraints, Investment, and the Value of Cash Holdings. Review of Financial Studies, 23(1), 247-269.
Estrin, S., Meyer, K. E., Wright, M., & Foliano, F. (1996). Corporate Governance in the Former Soviet Union: An Overview. Journal of Comparative Economics, 22(3), 265-281.
Field, L. C., & Hanka, G. (2001). The Expiration of IPO Share Lockups. Journal of Finance, 56(2), 471-500.
Field, L. C., Lowry, M. A., & Mkrtchyan, A. (2013). Are Overconfident CEOs Better Innovators? Journal of Finance, 68(4), 819-869.
Gompers, P. A., & Lerner, J. (1998). What Drives Venture Capital Fundraising? Brookings Papers on Economic Activity: Microeconomics, 1998, 149-192.
Hall, B. H., & Lerner, J. (2010). The Financing of R&D and Innovation. In Handbook of the Economics of Innovation (Vol. 1, pp. 609-639). Elsevier.
Kaplan, S. N., & Strömberg, P. (2004). Characteristics, Contracts, and Actions: Evidence from Venture Capitalist Analyses. Journal of Finance, 59(5), 2177-2210.
Korteweg, A., & Nagel, S. (2016). Risk-Adjusting the Returns to Venture Capital. Journal of Finance, 71(3), 1437-1470
Berger, A. N., & Udell, G. F. (1998). The economics of small business finance: The roles of private equity and debt markets in the financial growth cycle. Journal of Banking & Finance, 22(6-8), 613-673.
Chemmanur, T. J., & Fulghieri, P. (1999). A theory of the going-public decision. Review of Financial Studies, 12(2), 249-279.
Chemmanur, T. J., Loutskina, E., & Tian, X. (2014). Corporate venture capital, value creation, and innovation. Review of Financial Studies, 27(8), 2434-2473.
Cumming, D., & MacIntosh, J. G. (2003). Crowding out private equity: Canadian evidence. Journal of Business Venturing, 18(3), 327-357.
DePamphilis, D. (2019). Mergers, acquisitions, and other restructuring activities. Academic Press.
Fama, E. F., & French, K. R. (1993). Common risk factors in the returns on stocks and bonds. Journal of Financial Economics, 33(1), 3-56.
Grinblatt, M., & Hwang, C. Y. (1989). Signaling and the pricing of new issues. Journal of Finance, 44(2), 393-420.
Hertzel, M. G., Li, Z., Officer, M. S., & Rodgers, K. J. (2008). Interim News and the Role of Proxy Voting Advice. Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 43(3), 613-631.
Keasey, K., McGuinness, P., & Zhang, Q. (2005). The wealth effects of divestitures: The UK evidence. European Financial Management, 11(1), 75-91.
Kothari, S. P., & Warner, J. B. (2007). Econometrics of event studies. Handbook of Corporate Finance: Empirical Corporate Finance, 3, 3-36.
Leland, H. E., & Pyle, D. H. (1977). Informational Asymmetries, Financial Structure, and Financial Intermediation. Journal of Finance, 32(2), 371-387.
Megginson, W. L., & Weiss, K. A. (1991). Venture capitalist certification in initial public offerings. Journal of Finance, 46(3), 879-903.
Miller, M. H., & Modigliani, F. (1961). Dividend Policy, Growth, and the Valuation of Shares. The Journal of Business, 34(4), 411-433.
Muscarella, C. J., & Vetsuypens, M. R. (1989). A simple test of Baron's model of IPO underpricing. Journal of Financial Economics, 24(1), 125-135.
Pfeffer, J., & Salancik, G. R. (2003). The external control of organizations: A resource dependence perspective. Stanford Business Books.
Ritter, J. R. (1984). The “hot issue” market of 1980. The Journal of Business, 57(2), 215-240.
Ritter, J. R. (2015). Initial public offerings: Updated statistics. Journal of Applied Corporate Finance, 27(4), 15-24.
Sahlman, W. A. (1990). The structure and governance of venture-capital organizations. Journal of Financial Economics, 27(2), 473-521.
Stiglitz, J. E., & Weiss, A. (1981). Credit rationing in markets with imperfect information. The American Economic Review, 71(3), 393-410.
Welch, I. (1992). Sequential sales, learning, and cascades. Journal of Finance, 47(2), 695-732.
Published
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of Advanced Research in Business Law and Technology Management

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
We, the undersigned, give an undertaking to the following effect with regard to our article entitled
“_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________” submitted for publication in (Journal title)________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________Vol.________, Year _________:-
1. The article mentioned above has not been published or submitted to or accepted for publication in any form, in any other journal.
2. We also vouchsafe that the authorship of this article will not be contested by anyone whose name(s) is/are not listed by us here.
3. I/We declare that I/We contributed significantly towards the research study i.e., (a) conception, design and/or analysis and interpretation of data and to (b) drafting the article or revising it critically for important intellectual content and on (c) final approval of the version to be published.
4. I/We hereby acknowledge ADRs conflict of interest policy requirement to scrupulously avoid direct and indirect conflicts of interest and, accordingly, hereby agree to promptly inform the editor or editor's designee of any business, commercial, or other proprietary support, relationships, or interests that I/We may have which relate directly or indirectly to the subject of the work.
5. I/We also agree to the authorship of the article in the following sequence:-
Authors' Names (in sequence) Signature of Authors
1. _____________________________________ _____________________________________
2. _____________________________________ _____________________________________
3. _____________________________________ _____________________________________
4. _____________________________________ _____________________________________
5. _____________________________________ _____________________________________
6. _____________________________________ _____________________________________
7. _____________________________________ _____________________________________
8. _____________________________________ _____________________________________
Important
(I). All the authors are required to sign independently in this form in the sequence given above. In case an author has left the institution/ country and whose whereabouts are not known, the senior author may sign on his/ her behalf taking the responsibility.
(ii). No addition/ deletion/ or any change in the sequence of the authorship will be permissible at a later stage, without valid reasons and permission of the Editor.
(iii). If the authorship is contested at any stage, the article will be either returned or will not be
processed for publication till the issue is solved.