Journal of Engineering Design and Analysis

Real Time Characterization of Batteries Used for EV Applications

R Senthil Kumar — 2026-05-14

This paper discusses the design and characteristics of batteries in electric vehicles (EVs) with a comparative analysis of lithium-ion (Li-ion) and lead-acid battery technologies. The key parameters to assess the suitability of either battery for EV applications would be energy density, power density, lifecycle, safety, and cost-effectiveness. The Li-ion battery has high energy density and a longer lifecycle but at a high cost. On the other hand, lead-acid batteries are cheaper but have lower energy density and shorter lifetimes, hence not suitable for long-term EV usage. Besides the basic characteristics, this research examines how a battery performs in real conditions of an EV: it looks into how changes in temperature, charging cycles, and load demand influence battery efficiency and lifespan. It will help in analysing each type of battery regarding resilience and adaptability under practical conditions. Finally, this research suggests specific battery configurations and also proposes series and parallel configurations for different EV energy and power requirements. In addressing these factors, research will be able to lead manufacturers and developers in deciding and optimising battery solutions so that performance, reliability, and cost-effectiveness of electric vehicles will be improved in current and future models.

Elevator Optimization With Real-World Constraint: Weight-Aware Algorithm

Valluri Keerthi Ram — 2026-05-14

In the present day, efficient elevator management is critical for modern high-rise buildings, particularly in reducing energy consumption and wait times while enhancing passenger safety. Our study proposes a weight-aware optimisation algorithm using heuristic methods like greedy search and nearest neighbour. By incorporating a centralised control panel and real-time weight management, the system reduces operational complexity, minimises overload risks, and ensures balanced load distribution. These enhancements lead to lower energy consumption, lower maintenance costs, and improved system reliability. The simulation results highlight significant reductions in waiting time and energy consumption, aligning the solution with sustainable building practices. This research offers a scalable framework for smarter, more efficient elevator systems in urban infrastructure.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/2582.5607.202603

Investigating Security Requirements for Reliable Internet of Things (IoT) Systems: A Review

Ajay Barapatre — 2026-02-09

The Internet of Things (IoT) has been instrumental in infusing cross-domain connectivity among devices for the very purpose of making better automation and decisions on data input. However, with its infrequent deployment, a lot of security challenges arise that may hamper system dependability and user trust. This paper considers critical sets of security requisites that are mandatory towards making a strong, dependable IoT system. By conducting a systematic literature review, it identifies key security issues, including data confidentiality, data integrity, authentication, access control, and privacy. Furthermore, possible threats and attacks found in IoT environments are analysed and classified across communication channels, devices and services, users, mobility, and resource integration. Based on the analysis, the key security requirements are then suggested, and these mitigations of vulnerabilities will lead to the secure design of an IoT architecture. The work considers solutions starting from device-level security to secure communication, stronger authentication, and privacy measures. Putting into practice all of these security requirements will improve resilience against attacks, reduce possible threats posed by malicious/unauthorised access, and ensure reliable operation of the system. This work stresses the importance of considering security early in the designing phase of IoT systems for their dependable and secure deployment into various applications such as smart homes, healthcare, industrial automation, and smart cities. Taking measures to address these challenges will, in turn, result in IoT systems possessing enhanced reliability, data integrity, and user confidence in the increasingly interwoven digital environment.

A High Boost Transformer Less DC/DC With Improved Efficiency for Solar PV Powered Applications

Kanchana K — 2026-05-14

Large-scale photovoltaic applications were limited to rural homes with an off-grid rooftop PV system and a calculator with a single solar cell. The article introduces a novel DC-DC converter that can considerably increase voltage gain without relying on a transformer. This is accomplished by combining a boost converter with two inductors, a cascaded voltage doubler and a capacitor with switches, resulting in a high-performance power conversion system. The converter offers benefits such as ease of use, high efficiency, reduced component strain, and smaller size and weight. However, the converter’s performance depends on various design factors. First, SIMULINK software is used to simulate the suggested converter mathematically. Then, the drive applications use the recommended work. Finally, the suggested converter was tested in the laboratory using a 585W prototype with a maximum efficiency of 97% for the motor load system.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/2582.5607.202602

Pedagogical Innovation: Emerging Trends in Engineering Education

Eilia Jafar — 2026-05-14

The last decade has witnessed a drastic change in the approach towards education with increasing flexibility, pedagogical evolution towards active learning, and the growing emphasis on EDI (Equity, Diversity, Inclusion) in the design and implementation of curricula (TU Dublin, 2023). This paper evaluates the emerging trends in engineering education over the last decade. The review of literature has suggested dominant trends of adoption of AI and equity-based reforms in education pedagogy. These trends have been studied to identify the challenges and possibilities of scale. Finally, the paper proposed a framework of scalable innovation in engineering education.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/2582.5607.202604