Using Nanotechnology for Environmental Cleanup
Keywords:
Nanomaterials, Environmental remediation, Water purification, Soil remediation, Air pollution controlAbstract
Environmental pollution, exacerbated by rapid industrialization and urbanization, has necessitated innovative remediation strategies beyond traditional methods. Nanotechnology, which involves the manipulation of materials at the nanoscale, offers promising solutions due to the unique properties of nanomaterials. This review explores the applications of nanotechnology in environmental remediation, focusing on water purification, soil remediation, and air pollution control. Key nanomaterials such as zero-valent iron nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, titanium dioxide, and silver nanoparticles are highlighted for their roles in removing heavy metals, degrading organic contaminants, and eliminating pathogens. The mechanisms underlying these applications, including adsorption, catalysis, and antimicrobial activity, are discussed. While nanotechnology presents significant benefits, challenges such as potential environmental and health risks, high costs, and scalability issues must be addressed. Future research directions emphasize the need for interdisciplinary collaboration and regulatory frameworks to ensure safe and effective deployment of nanotechnology in environmental remediation. This review underscores the transformative potential of nanotechnology in achieving sustainable environmental protection.
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