Secure E-Voting using Blockchain and IoT Integration

Abstract

Electronic voting has long promised speed and convenience, yet concerns over privacy, security, and voter trust remain major obstacles. This survey explores how blockchain technology can transform e-voting into a transparent, tamper-proof, and verifiable system. By leveraging the blockchain’s immutability, decentralisation, and cryptographic safeguards, votes can be secured against fraud while preserving voter anonymity. The paper reviews existing blockchain-based e-voting models, highlighting their advantages and challenges, including scalability, usability, and legal adoption. Findings suggest that blockchain has the potential to revolutionise democratic elections, but widespread implementation demands deeper research and real-world validation.