Teaching-Learning-Based Optimization based LoadFrequency Controller
Keywords:
Load frequency control, Constant frequency, PID controller, Jaya techniqueAbstract
The goals of the LFC are to maintain zero steady state errors in a multi area
interconnected power system. With computer based control systems and
multiple inputs, an automatic generation control system can take into
account such matters as the most economical units to adjust, the
coordination of thermal, hydroelectric, and other generation types, and even
constraints related to the stability of the system and capacity of
interconnections to other power grids. A proportional integral derivative
controller (PID controller) is a generic loop feedback (controller) widely used
in industrial control systems. A PID controller attempts to correct the error
between a measured process variable and a desired set point by calculating
and then instigating a corrective action that can adjust the process
accordingly and rapidly, to keep the error minimal. The PID controller
calculation involves three separate parameters; the proportional, the integral
and derivative values. The proportional value determines the reaction to the
current error, the integral value determines the reaction based on the sum of
recent errors, and the derivative value determines the reaction based on the
rate at which the error has been changing. The weighted sum of these three
actions is used to adjust the process via a control element such as the
position of a control valve or the power supply of a heating element.
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