Individual Resilience: A Review Article

Abstract

This comprehensive review paper delves into the multifaceted concept of individual resilience, exploring its fundamental principles and the pivotal factors contributing to life-threatening challenges. The examination encompasses various dimensions such as genetic, demographic, cultural, and social aspects. Resilience, defined as healthy, adaptive, or integrated positive functioning in the aftermath of adversity, has been scrutinized through the lenses of individuals, families, organizations, societies, and cultures. The review identifies three waves of resilience research: the first focusing on characteristics and factors, the second on how to achieve resilience, and the current third wave addressing practical strategies and policies for promoting resilience in society. Phases in life, stressors, and risks are examined, emphasizing the critical role of a positive attitude and adaptability in fostering resilience. The paper underscores the evolving nature of resilience research over the past four decades. The paper emphasizes the importance of overcoming risks and threats through factors such as social support, positive attitude, engagement in purposeful activities, and participation in community events. Emotional support and attachment are identified as key elements in developing resilience, though environmental factors may impact this process. Lastly, the review explores positive interventions for building resilience, noting the emergence of motivational speakers and programs aimed at fostering a positive outlook on life. Overall, the paper advocates for the development of individual resilience as a means to contribute to a stronger society and reduce instances of suicides.