Impact of Energy Measures on Energy Savings, Life Cycle Cost, and Life Cycle Energy in Cold Climate
Keywords:
Cold Climate, Coefficient of Performance, Energy SavingsAbstract
Introduction: The use of energy-efficient building envelope materials, as well as the installation of high-efficiency HVAC systems, has been shown to be particularly beneficial in lowering building energy consumption. The adoption of energy efficiency measures in residential structures is fairly restricted in India. The purpose of this study is to investigate how the material type of building envelope components, HVAC efficiency, and heating temperature set point affect the life cycle of a residential structure in India’s cold climate.
Method: In this study, resin-bonded mineral wool (RBMW), expanded polystyrene (EPS), and polyisocyanurate (PIR) roof insulation with thicknesses of 50 mm and 100 mm were used. The wall envelope was made of clay brick (base case) and autoclave aerated concrete blocks (AAC). The coefficient of performance of HVAC has been varied from 3 to 5 and the heating set point temperature from 22 °C to 19 °C.
Results: The energy savings of the combined measures were found to be 40.85%, the life cycle cost (LCC) savings were up to 24.88% and life cycle energy (LCE) savings were up to 33.57%.
Conclusion: The use of energy efficiency measures was found to be very cost-effective and resulted in a significant reduction in energy use during the life cycle of the building.
References
Kumar D, Alam M, Zou PX, Sanjayan JG, Memon RA. Comparative analysis of building insulation material properties and performance. Renew Sustain Energy Rev. 2020 Oct 1;131:110038.
Peoples J, Hung YW, Fang Z, Braun J, Horton WT, Ruan X. Energy savings of radiative cooling paints applied to residential buildings. Int J Heat Mass Transf. 2022 Sep 15;194:123001.
Hamidi Y, Aketouane Z, Malha M, Bruneau D, Bah A, Goiffon R. Integrating PCM into hollow brick walls: toward energy conservation in Mediterranean regions. Energy Build. 2021 Oct 1;248:111214.
Andrade A, Restrepo A, Tibaquirá JE. EER or FCSP: a performance analysis of fixed and variable air conditioning at different cooling thermal conditions. Energy Rep. 2021 Nov 1;7:537-45.
Ürge-Vorsatz D, Cabeza LF, Serrano S, Barreneche C, Petrichenko K. Heating and cooling energy trends and drivers in buildings. Renew Sustain Energy Rev. 2015
Jan 1;41:85-98.
Balbis-Morejón M, Cabello-Eras JJ, Rey-Hernández JM, Isaza-Roldan C, Rey-Martínez FJ. Selection of HVAC technology for buildings in the tropical climate case study. Alex Eng J. 2023 Apr 15;69:469-81.
Fernandes MS, Coutinho B, Rodrigues E. The impact of climate change on an office building in Portugal: measures for a higher energy performance. J Clean Prod. 2024 Mar 15;445:141255.
Gopanagoni V, Velpula SL. An analytical approach on life cycle cost analysis of a green building. Mater Today Proc. 2020 Jan 1;33:387-90.
Kneifel J, Webb D. Life cycle costing manual for the Federal Energy Management Program [Internet]. National Institute of Science and Technology; 2022 [cited 2024 Jan 13]. Available from: https://doi. org/10.6028/NIST.HB.135e2022
Elmakis D. Lisnianski A. Life cycle cost analysis: actual problem in industrial management. J Bus Econ Manag. 2006 Jan 1;7(1):5-8.
Goh BH, Sun Y. The development of life-cycle costing for buildings. Build Res Inf. 2016 Apr 2;44(3):319-33.
Dixit MK, Fernández-Solís JL, Lavy S, Culp CH. Identification of parameters for embodied energy measurement: a literature review. Energy Build. 2010 Aug 1;42(8):1238-47.
Ramesh T, Prakash R, Shukla KK. Life cycle energy analysis of buildings: an overview. Energy Build. 2010 Oct 1;42(10):1592-600.
Aneesh NR, Shivaprasad KN, Das BB. Life cycle energy analysis of a metro station building envelope through computer based simulation. Sustain Cities Soc. 2018 May 1;39:135-43.
Harish VS, Kumar A. A review on modeling and simulation of building energy systems. Renew Sustain Energy Rev. 2016 Apr 1;56:1272-92.
Xing J, Ren P, Ling J. Analysis of energy efficiency retrofit scheme for hotel buildings using eQuest software: a case study from Tianjin, China. Energy Build. 2015 Jan 1;87:14-24.
