Effect of Copper Slag as a Fine Aggregate on the Durability Characteristics of High-Performance Concrete (HPC) Containing Silica Fume
Keywords:
High Performance Concrete (HPC), Durability, Copper Slag, Silica FumeAbstract
This paper investigates the fresh and durability properties of the highperformance concrete by replacing cement with 15% Silica fume and simultaneously replacing fine aggregates with 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% copper slag at w/b ratio of 0.23. Five mixes were analysed and compared with the standard concrete mix. Fresh properties show an increase in the slump with the increase in the quantity of copper slag to the mix. Sorptivity, chloride penetration, UPV and carbonation results were very encouraging at 50% copper slag replacement levels. Microstructure analysis of these mixes shows the emergence of C-S-H gel for nearly all mixes indicating densification of the interfacial transition zone of the concrete.
How to cite this article: Singh R, Khan RA. Effect of Copper Slag as a Fine Aggregate on the Durability Characteristics of High-Performance Concrete (HPC) Containing Silica Fume. J Adv Res Civil Envi Engr 2020; 7(2): 1-10.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/2393.8307.202002
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36. Byung H, Soo WC, Bong SJ et al. Development of high performance concrete having high resistance to chloride penetration. Nucl Eng Des 2002; 212(1): 221-31.
37. Khatri RP, Siri V. Effect of different supplementary cementitious materials on mechanical properties of high performance concrete. Cem Conc Res 1995; 25(1): 209-220.
38. BIS: 12269-2013, Ordinary Portland Cement 53 GradeSpecification, Bureau of Indian Standards, Delhi, India, 2013.
39. Sharma R, Khan RA.Durability assessment of self compacting concrete incorporating copper slag as fine aggregates. Construction and Building Materials 1995; 155: 617-629.
40. Bhoi AM, Patil YD, Patil HS et al. M.P. Kadam Feasibility Assessment of Incorporating Copper Slag as a Sand Substitute to Attain Sustainable Production Perspective in concrete. Adv Mater Sci Eng 2018; 1-11.
41. Duval R, Kadri EH. Influence of silica fume on the workability and the compressive strength of highperformance concretes. Cement and Concrete Research. 1998; 28(4): 533-547.
42. Hassan KE, Cabrera JG, Maliehe RS. The effect of mineral admixtures on the properties of high performance concrete. Cement and concrete composites, 2000; 22(4): 267-271.
43. Bentz DP, Stutzman PE, Garboczi EJ. Experimental and simulation studies of the interfacial zone in concrete. Cement and concrete research. 1992; 22(5): 891-902
44. Juan LM, Lucio GLY. Effect of silica fume addition on the chloride related transport properties of highperformance concrete. Article in Dyna (Medillin, Colombia), 2012.
45. Washington AM, Jardel PG, Monica BLL. Slag waste as a supplementary cementing material to concrete. Journal of Material Sciences 2007; 42: 2226-2230.
46. Sharma R, Khan RA. Sustainable use of copper slag in self compacting concrete containing supplementary cementitious materials. JOCP 2017; 151: 179-192.
47. Rossen JE, Lothenbach B, Scrivener KL. Composition of C-S-H in pastes with increasing levels of silica fume addition. Cement and concrete research, 75: 14-22.
2. Duval R, Kadri EH. Influence of silica fume on the workability and the compressive strength of highperformance concretes. Cem Concr Res 1998; 28(4) 533-547.
3. Poon C, Kou SC, Lam L. Compressive strength, chloride diffusivity and pore structure of high performance metakaolin and silica fume concrete. Construction and Building Materials 2006; 20: 858-865.
4. ACI Committee 201 Guide to Durable Concrete. ACI 201, American Concrete Institute, Detroit, Michigan, 2001; 41.
5. ACI SP- 19, Cement and Concrete Terminology 107, American Concrete Institute, Detroit, 1988.
6. Mehta PK. Advancements in concrete technology. Concr Int. 1999; 96(4): 69-76.
7. Mukherjee PK, Loughborough MT, Malhotra VM. In: cement, concrete and aggregates, CCAGDP. 1982; 4: 81.
8. Mehta PK. Pozzolanic and cementitious by-products in concrete - another look. In: Proceedings of the third international conference on fly ash, silica fume, slag and natural pozzolans in concrete. Trondheim, Norway, AC1 SP 114- 1. 1989; 1: 1-44.
9. Erdem TK, Kirca O. Use of binary and ternary blends in high strength concrete. Construct Build Mater 2008; 22: 1477-83.
10. Shehata MH, Thomas MD. A Use of ternary bends containing silica fume and fly to suppress expansion due to alkali-silica reaction in concrete. Cem Concr Res 2002; 32(3): 341-349.
11. Thomas, M.D.A, Snehata, M.H, Shashiprakash, S.G, Hopkins, D.S, Cail, K. Use of ternary cementitious systems containing silica fume and fly ash in concrete. Cem Concr Res 1999; 29(8): 1207-1214.
12. Popovics S. Portland cement-fly ash-silica fume systems in concrete. Adv Cem Based Mater 1993; 1(2): 83-91. 13. Naik TR, Canpolat F, Moriconi G. Sustainabilty and High Performance of concrete-a Review. SP-305-43, 2015. 14. Nawy EG. Fundamentals of high strength high performance concrete. UK: Longman. 1996.
15. Gjorv OE. High-strength concrete. In: Malhotra VM, editor. Proceedings of the International Conference on Advances in Concrete Technology. Ottawa, Canada: CANMET. 1992.
16. Neville AM. Properties of concrete. 4th edition, New York: Wiley. 1997.
17. Shah S, Ahmad A. High performance concretes and applications. England: Edward Arnold; 1994.
18. Goldman A, Bentur A. Bond Effects in high strength silica fume concretes. ACI Mater J 1989;86:440-447.
19. Bache HH. High strength concrete, Development through 25 years. CBL Reprint No. 17, Aalborg Portland, Aalborg, Denmark, 1987.
20. Mehta PK, Monteiro PJ. Concrete: structure, properties, and materials. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. 1993.
21. Farney JA, Panarese WC. High-strength concrete. Engineering Bulletin. Skokie, IL, USA: Portland Cement Association, PCA. 1994.
22. ACI Committee 226 Silica fume in concrete. ACI Mater J 1987; 84: 158-66.
23. Malhotra VM, Carette GG, Sivasundaram V. Role of silica fume in concrete: a review. In: Malhotra VM, editor. Proceedings of the International Conference on Advances in Concrete Technology. Ottawa, Canada: CANMET. 1992.
24. Popovics S. Portland cement-fly ash, silica fume systems in concrete. Adv Cem Based Mater J 1993; 1 :83-91. 25. Yogendran V, Langan BW, Haque MN et al. Silica fume in high strength concrete. ACI Mater J 1987; 84: 124.
26. Larsen ES, Lauridsen JL, Eriksen K et al.Durability of the concrete in the Rya bridge, changes of property in concrete with silica fume between years 1981 and 1993, Report 6; The Danish road Department: Roskilde, Denmark, 1993; 16-22.
27. Hooton R. D, Influence of silica fume replacement of cement on physical properties and resistance to sulphate attack, freezing and thawing and alkali reactivity. ACI Materials Journal 1993; 90: 143-151.
28. Tazawa E, Yonekura A. Proceedings of Second International Conference on Fly Ash, Silica Fume, Slag and Natural Pozzolans in concrete. Madrid, Spain, AC1 SP 9143,903. 1986.
29. Bertil P. Seven-Year Study on the Effect of Silica Fume in Concrete. Advanced Cement Based Materials 1998; 7: 139-155.
30. Al-Jabri KS, Hisada M, Al-Oraimi SK et al. Copper slag as sand replacement for high performance concret. Cement Concrete Compos 2009; 31: 483-488.
31. Khanzadi M, Behnood A. Mechanical properties of high-strength concrete incorporating copper slag as coarse aggregate. Construction and Building Materials 2009; 6: 2183-2188.
32. Gorai B, Jana RK. Characteristics and utilisation of copper slag - a review. Resour. Conserv. Recycl 39, 299e313. 2003.
33. Shi C, Meyer C, Behnood A. Utilization of copper slag in cement and Concrete. Resour Conserv Recycl 2008; 52: 1115-1120.
34. ICSG, 2015. The World Copper Factbook. International Copper Study Group, Lisbon, Portugal, 2015.
35. Wu W, Zhang W, Ma G. Optimum content of copper slag as a fine aggregate in high strength concrete. Mater. 2010a; 2878-2883.
36. Byung H, Soo WC, Bong SJ et al. Development of high performance concrete having high resistance to chloride penetration. Nucl Eng Des 2002; 212(1): 221-31.
37. Khatri RP, Siri V. Effect of different supplementary cementitious materials on mechanical properties of high performance concrete. Cem Conc Res 1995; 25(1): 209-220.
38. BIS: 12269-2013, Ordinary Portland Cement 53 GradeSpecification, Bureau of Indian Standards, Delhi, India, 2013.
39. Sharma R, Khan RA.Durability assessment of self compacting concrete incorporating copper slag as fine aggregates. Construction and Building Materials 1995; 155: 617-629.
40. Bhoi AM, Patil YD, Patil HS et al. M.P. Kadam Feasibility Assessment of Incorporating Copper Slag as a Sand Substitute to Attain Sustainable Production Perspective in concrete. Adv Mater Sci Eng 2018; 1-11.
41. Duval R, Kadri EH. Influence of silica fume on the workability and the compressive strength of highperformance concretes. Cement and Concrete Research. 1998; 28(4): 533-547.
42. Hassan KE, Cabrera JG, Maliehe RS. The effect of mineral admixtures on the properties of high performance concrete. Cement and concrete composites, 2000; 22(4): 267-271.
43. Bentz DP, Stutzman PE, Garboczi EJ. Experimental and simulation studies of the interfacial zone in concrete. Cement and concrete research. 1992; 22(5): 891-902
44. Juan LM, Lucio GLY. Effect of silica fume addition on the chloride related transport properties of highperformance concrete. Article in Dyna (Medillin, Colombia), 2012.
45. Washington AM, Jardel PG, Monica BLL. Slag waste as a supplementary cementing material to concrete. Journal of Material Sciences 2007; 42: 2226-2230.
46. Sharma R, Khan RA. Sustainable use of copper slag in self compacting concrete containing supplementary cementitious materials. JOCP 2017; 151: 179-192.
47. Rossen JE, Lothenbach B, Scrivener KL. Composition of C-S-H in pastes with increasing levels of silica fume addition. Cement and concrete research, 75: 14-22.
Published
2020-05-14
Issue
Section
Research Article
