Effect of Partial Substitution of Fine Aggregate with Copper Slag on Mechanical and Durability of High Performance Concrete-A Review
Keywords:
High Performance, Copper Slag, Mechanical, Durability, Sustainability, Fine AggregateAbstract
The challenge before the construction industry is to meet the demand of the efficient and economically viable construction materials posed by the huge infrastructural needs. Many nations are observing an expeditious growth in the field of construction necessitating the utilization of natural reserves for the expansion of infrastructure. This expansion is giving a warning to available reserves of nature. The natural ingredients, fine
aggregates and coarse aggregate constitute more than 70 % volume of the concrete. The availability of these resources is decreasing at a very high pace. In fact due to the severe problem with the availability of natural sand, the construction industry is faced with the pressing need to consider available options to lessen the reliance on natural aggregates. Copper slag being a waste material, can be used as an option for fine aggregates. The substitution of fine aggregate from nature with waste materials from industries such as copper slag offers economic and technical dominance, which are of pronounced significance in the present scenario. This study is, based on the critical review of the development of High-Performance Concrete (HPC) by replacing fine aggregate with copper slag by observing various other researches and reviews. The key intent of this paper is to closely look at the copper slag utility as an unconventional material to be used as a substitute of fine aggregate and its effect on mechanical and durability parameters of HPC.
How to cite this article: Singh R, Khan RA. Effect of Partial Substitution of Fine Aggregate with Copper Slag on Mechanical and Durability of High Performance Concrete-A Review. J Adv Res Civil Envi Engr 2020; 7(1): 1-11.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/2393.8307.202001
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29. Khanzadi M, Behnood A. Mechanical properties of high-strength concrete incorporating copper slag as coarse aggregate. Construction and Building Materials, 2009; 23: 2183-2188.
30. Brindha D, Baskaran T, Nagan S. Assessment of Corrosion and Durability Characteristics of Copper Slag Admixed Concrete. International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering 2010; 1(2).
31. Moura A, Goncalves JP, Batista M et al. Slag waste as a supplementary cementing material to concrete. Journal of Material Sciences 2007; 42: 2226-2230.
32. Mobasher B, Devaguptapu R, Arino AM. Effect of copper slag on the hydration of blended cementitious mixtures. In: Chong K, editor. Proceedings the ASCE Materials Engineering Conference. Materials for the New Millennium 1996; 1677-1686.
33. Tixier R, Devagupta R, Mobasher B. The effect of copper slag on the hydration and mechanical properties of cementitious mixtures. Cement and Concrete Research. 1997: 1569-1580.
34. Moura W, Masuero A, Molin D et al. Concrete performance with admixtures of electrical steel slag and copper slag concerning mechanical properties. American Concrete Institute 2005; 186: 81-100.
35. AL-Jabri K, Taha R, AL-Ghassani M. Use of copper slag and cement bypass dust as cementitious materials. Cement and Concrete Aggregates 2005; 24(1): 7-12.
36. AL-Jabri KS, Taha RA, AL-Hashmi A et al. Effect of copper slag and cement by-pass dust addition on mechanical properties of concrete. Construction and Building Materials 2006; 20: 322-331.
37. Shi C, Meyer C, Behnood A. Utilization of copper slag in cement and concrete a review. Resources Conservative and Recycling 2008; 52: 1115-1120.
38. Takashi, Akihiko Y. Study of utilisation of copper slag as fine aggregate for concrete. Ashikaya Kogyo Daigaku
Kenkyu Shuroku, 1996; 23: 79-85.
39. Ayano T, Kuramoto O, Sakata K. Concrete with copper slag as fine aggregate. J Soc Mater Sci Jpn 2000; 49(10):
1097-1102.
40. Ishimaru K, Mizuguchi H, Hashimoto C et al. Properties of copper slag and second class fly ash as a part of fine aggregate. Journal of Society of Material Science 2013; 54(8): 828-833.
41. Ueno K, Kokubu K, Uji K. A fundamental study on bleeding control of concrete containing slag fine aggregates. Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Construction Materials Performance, Innovations and Structural Implications and Mindless Symposium, 2005: 22-24.
42. W Wu, W Zhang, G Ma. Mechanical properties of copper slag reinforced concrete under dynamic compression. Construction and Building Materials 2010; 24(6): 910-917.
43. Wua W, Zhang W, Ma G. Optimum content of copper slag as a fine aggregate in high strength concrete. Materials and Design 2010; 31: 2878-2883.
44. Madheswaran CK, Ambily PS, Dattatreya JK et al. Studies on use of Copper Slag as Replacement Material for River Sand in Building Constructions, 2014; 95(3): 169-177.
45. K S Al-Jabri, A H Al-Saidy, R Taha. Effect of copper slag as a fine aggregate on the properties of cement mortars and concrete. Constr. Build. Mater. 25,2011,933-938.
46. Kubissa W, Jaskulski R. Utilisation of copper slag waste and heavy weight aggregates for production of pre-cast Shielding concrete elements. Journal of Sustainable Architecture and Civil Engg 2018; (1): 39-47.
47. Al-Jabri K, Hisada M, Al-Oraimi SK et al. Copper slag as sand replacement for high performance concrete. Cement Concrete Compos 2009; 31: 483-488.
48. Papayianni I, Tsohos G, Oikonomou N et al. Influence of superplasticizer type and mix design parameters
on the performance of them in concrete mixtures. Cement & Concrete Composites 2005; 27217-27222.
49. Langley WS, Carette GG, Malhotra VM. Structure concrete incorporating high volume of ASTM class F fly ash. ACI Mater J 1989; 86: 507-514.
50. Bhoi AM, Patil YD, Patil HS et al. Feasibility Assessment of Incorporating Copper Slag as a Sand Substitute to
Attain Sustainable Production Perspective in Concrete. Advances in Materials Science and Engineering Volume
2018, Article ID 6502890, 11 pages.
51. Duval R, Kadri EH. Influence of silica fume on the workability and the compressive strength of high-performance concretes. Cement and Concrete Research 1998; 28(4): 533-547.
52. Chavan RR, Kulkarni DB. Performance of copper slag on strength Properties as partial replace of fine aggregate In concrete mix design. Int J Adv Engg Res Studies 2013; 2(4): 95-98.
53. Elsyed AA. Influence of Silica Fume, Fly Ash, Super Pozz and High Slag Cement on Water Permeability and Strength of Concrete. Concrete research letters 2012; 3(4).
54. Hooton RD, Titherington RP. Chloride resistance of high-performance concretes subjected to accelerated curing. Cement and Concrete Research 2004; 34: 561-1567.
55. Chia KS, Zhang MH. Water permeability and chloride penetrability of high-strength lightweight aggregate
concrete. Cement and Concrete Research 2002; 32: 639-645.
56. Brindha D, Nagan S. Durability studies on copper slag admixed concrete. Asian journal of civil engineering
(building and housing) 2011; 12(5): 563-578.
57. Hwan B, Cha SW, Jang VS et al. Development of high performance concrete having resistance to chloride
penetration. Nuclear Engg & design 2002; 221-231.
58. Dehghanian C, Arjemandi M. Influence of slag blended cement concrete on chloride diffusion rate. Cement
and Concrete Research 1997; 27(6): 937-945.
59. Poon CS, Kou CS, Lam L. Compressive strength, chloride diffusivity and pore structure of high performance
metakaolin and silica fume concrete. Construction and Building Materials 2006; 858-865.
60. Shannag MJ, Shaia HA. Sulfate resistance of high-performance concrete. Cement & Concrete Composites 2003; 363-369.
61. Najimi M, Sobhani J, Pourkhorshid AR. Durability of copper slag contained concrete exposed to sulfate attack. Construction and Building Materials 2011; 1895-1905.
62. Park YS, Suh JK, Lee JH et al. Strength deterioration of high strength concrete in sulfate environment. Cement
and Concrete Research 1999; 29: 1397-1402.
63. Kulakowski MP, Pereira FM, Denise CC et al. Carbonation-induced reinforcement corrosion in silica fume concrete. Construction and Building Materials 23 (2009) 1189-1195.
64. Liua W, Cuia H, Donga Z et al. Carbonation of concrete made with dredged marine sand and its effect on
chloride binding. Construction and Building Materials 2016; 120:0 1-9.
65. Khan MI, Lynsdale CJ. Strength, permeability and carbonation of high performance concrete. Cement Concr Res 2002; 32: 123-31.
2. Meyer C. The greening of the concrete industry. Cement & concrete Composites 2009; 3(8): 601-605.
3. Patil PA. A Review on high performance concrete. International journal of advanced technology in engineering and science 2016; 4(1): 129-135.
4. Persson B. Seven-Year Study on the Effect of Silica Fume in Concrete. Advanced Cement Based Materials 1998; 7: 139-155.
5. Aitcin PC. The durability characteristics of high performance concrete: a review. Cement & Concrete Composites 2003; 25: 409-420.
6. Naik TR, Ramme BW, Kraus RN et al. Long-Term Performance of High-Volume Fly Ash Concrete Pavements. ACI Material Journal 2003.
7. Johari MA, brooks JJ, Kabir S et al. Influence of supplementary cementitious materials on engineering properties of high strength concrete. Construction & building materials 2011; 25: 2639-2648.
8. Gonen T, Yazicioglu S. The influence of mineral admixtures on the short and long-term performance of concrete. Building and Environment 2007; 42: 3080-3085.
9. Khan MI, Siddique R. Utilization of silica fume in concrete: Review of durability properties. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 2011; 57: 30-35.
10. Song HW, Jang JC, Saraswath V et al. An estimation of the diffusivity of silica fume concrete. Building and
Environment 2007; 42: 1358-1367.
11. Bhanja S, Sengupta B. Influence of Silica Fume on the tensile strength of concrete. Cement and Concrete Research 2004; 32: 1391-1394.
12. Mazloom M, Ramezanianpour A, Brooks JJ. Effect of silica fume on mechanical properties of high - strength
concrete. Cement and Concrete Composites 2004; 4: 347-357.
13. Khan MI, Lynsdale CJ. Strength, permeability, and carbonation of high performance concrete. Cement and Concrete Research 2002; 32: 123-131.
14. Wiegrink K, Marikunte S, Shah SP. Shrinkage cracking of high strength concrete. ACI Materials Journal 1996;
93(6): 409-415.
15. Charif H, Jaccoud JP, Alou F. Reduction of Deformations with the use of Concrete Admixtures, Admixtures for
Concrete: Improvement of Properties. Proceedings of the International Symposium held by RILEM, Spain, 1990: 402-428.
16. Shanmugapriya T, Uma RN. Experimental Investigation on Silica Fume as partial Replacement of Cement in
High Performance Concrete. The International Journal of Engineering And Science (IJES) 2013; 2(5): 40-45. ISSN(e): 2319-1813, ISSN(p): 2319-1805.
17. Kayali O. Fly ash lightweight aggregates in high performance concrete. Construction and Building Materials 2008; 22(12): 2393-2399.
18. Sabir BB, Wild S, Bai J. Metakaolin and calcined clays as pozzolans for concrete: a review. CemConcr Compos
2001; 23: 441-54.
19. Guneyisi E, Gesoglu M, Karaoglu S et al. Strength, permeability and shrinkage cracking of silica fume and metakaolin concretes. Construction and Building Materials 2012; 34: 120-130.
20. Sabir BB, Wild S, Khatib JM. On the workability and strength development of metakaolin concrete. In: Dhir RK, Dyer TD, editors. Concrete for environmental enhancement and protection. E & FN spon, 1996; 651-656.
21. Zhang MH, Malhotra VM. Characteristics of a thermally activated alumino-silicate pozzolanic material and its
use in concrete. Cement concrete Res 1995: 25(8): 1713-1725.
22. Poon CH, Azhar S, Anson M et al. Performance of metakaolin concrete at elevated temperatures. Cement & Concrete Composites 2003; 25: 83-89.
23. Tu T-Y, Chen Y-Y, Hwang C-L. Properties of HPC with recycled aggregates. Cement Concrete Composites 2006; 36: 943-50.
24. Mehta, Kumar P. Concrete Structure, Properties, and Materials. Prentice- Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, N.J. 07632, 1993.
25. Klieger, Paul, Joseph F Lamond. Significance of Tests and Properties of Concrete and Concrete-Making Materials. ASTM STP 169C, 1994.
26. Lewis DW. Discussion of Admixtures for Concrete. (ACI 212.1R-81). Concrete International: Design and Construction 1985; 27(5): 64-65.
27. Fulton FS. The Properties of Portland Cements Containing Milled Granulated Blast-furnace Slag. Portland Cement Institute Monograph, The Portland Cement Institute, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1974.
28. Sobolev KG, Batrakov VG. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering© ASCE/ October 2007/ 812.
29. Khanzadi M, Behnood A. Mechanical properties of high-strength concrete incorporating copper slag as coarse aggregate. Construction and Building Materials, 2009; 23: 2183-2188.
30. Brindha D, Baskaran T, Nagan S. Assessment of Corrosion and Durability Characteristics of Copper Slag Admixed Concrete. International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering 2010; 1(2).
31. Moura A, Goncalves JP, Batista M et al. Slag waste as a supplementary cementing material to concrete. Journal of Material Sciences 2007; 42: 2226-2230.
32. Mobasher B, Devaguptapu R, Arino AM. Effect of copper slag on the hydration of blended cementitious mixtures. In: Chong K, editor. Proceedings the ASCE Materials Engineering Conference. Materials for the New Millennium 1996; 1677-1686.
33. Tixier R, Devagupta R, Mobasher B. The effect of copper slag on the hydration and mechanical properties of cementitious mixtures. Cement and Concrete Research. 1997: 1569-1580.
34. Moura W, Masuero A, Molin D et al. Concrete performance with admixtures of electrical steel slag and copper slag concerning mechanical properties. American Concrete Institute 2005; 186: 81-100.
35. AL-Jabri K, Taha R, AL-Ghassani M. Use of copper slag and cement bypass dust as cementitious materials. Cement and Concrete Aggregates 2005; 24(1): 7-12.
36. AL-Jabri KS, Taha RA, AL-Hashmi A et al. Effect of copper slag and cement by-pass dust addition on mechanical properties of concrete. Construction and Building Materials 2006; 20: 322-331.
37. Shi C, Meyer C, Behnood A. Utilization of copper slag in cement and concrete a review. Resources Conservative and Recycling 2008; 52: 1115-1120.
38. Takashi, Akihiko Y. Study of utilisation of copper slag as fine aggregate for concrete. Ashikaya Kogyo Daigaku
Kenkyu Shuroku, 1996; 23: 79-85.
39. Ayano T, Kuramoto O, Sakata K. Concrete with copper slag as fine aggregate. J Soc Mater Sci Jpn 2000; 49(10):
1097-1102.
40. Ishimaru K, Mizuguchi H, Hashimoto C et al. Properties of copper slag and second class fly ash as a part of fine aggregate. Journal of Society of Material Science 2013; 54(8): 828-833.
41. Ueno K, Kokubu K, Uji K. A fundamental study on bleeding control of concrete containing slag fine aggregates. Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Construction Materials Performance, Innovations and Structural Implications and Mindless Symposium, 2005: 22-24.
42. W Wu, W Zhang, G Ma. Mechanical properties of copper slag reinforced concrete under dynamic compression. Construction and Building Materials 2010; 24(6): 910-917.
43. Wua W, Zhang W, Ma G. Optimum content of copper slag as a fine aggregate in high strength concrete. Materials and Design 2010; 31: 2878-2883.
44. Madheswaran CK, Ambily PS, Dattatreya JK et al. Studies on use of Copper Slag as Replacement Material for River Sand in Building Constructions, 2014; 95(3): 169-177.
45. K S Al-Jabri, A H Al-Saidy, R Taha. Effect of copper slag as a fine aggregate on the properties of cement mortars and concrete. Constr. Build. Mater. 25,2011,933-938.
46. Kubissa W, Jaskulski R. Utilisation of copper slag waste and heavy weight aggregates for production of pre-cast Shielding concrete elements. Journal of Sustainable Architecture and Civil Engg 2018; (1): 39-47.
47. Al-Jabri K, Hisada M, Al-Oraimi SK et al. Copper slag as sand replacement for high performance concrete. Cement Concrete Compos 2009; 31: 483-488.
48. Papayianni I, Tsohos G, Oikonomou N et al. Influence of superplasticizer type and mix design parameters
on the performance of them in concrete mixtures. Cement & Concrete Composites 2005; 27217-27222.
49. Langley WS, Carette GG, Malhotra VM. Structure concrete incorporating high volume of ASTM class F fly ash. ACI Mater J 1989; 86: 507-514.
50. Bhoi AM, Patil YD, Patil HS et al. Feasibility Assessment of Incorporating Copper Slag as a Sand Substitute to
Attain Sustainable Production Perspective in Concrete. Advances in Materials Science and Engineering Volume
2018, Article ID 6502890, 11 pages.
51. Duval R, Kadri EH. Influence of silica fume on the workability and the compressive strength of high-performance concretes. Cement and Concrete Research 1998; 28(4): 533-547.
52. Chavan RR, Kulkarni DB. Performance of copper slag on strength Properties as partial replace of fine aggregate In concrete mix design. Int J Adv Engg Res Studies 2013; 2(4): 95-98.
53. Elsyed AA. Influence of Silica Fume, Fly Ash, Super Pozz and High Slag Cement on Water Permeability and Strength of Concrete. Concrete research letters 2012; 3(4).
54. Hooton RD, Titherington RP. Chloride resistance of high-performance concretes subjected to accelerated curing. Cement and Concrete Research 2004; 34: 561-1567.
55. Chia KS, Zhang MH. Water permeability and chloride penetrability of high-strength lightweight aggregate
concrete. Cement and Concrete Research 2002; 32: 639-645.
56. Brindha D, Nagan S. Durability studies on copper slag admixed concrete. Asian journal of civil engineering
(building and housing) 2011; 12(5): 563-578.
57. Hwan B, Cha SW, Jang VS et al. Development of high performance concrete having resistance to chloride
penetration. Nuclear Engg & design 2002; 221-231.
58. Dehghanian C, Arjemandi M. Influence of slag blended cement concrete on chloride diffusion rate. Cement
and Concrete Research 1997; 27(6): 937-945.
59. Poon CS, Kou CS, Lam L. Compressive strength, chloride diffusivity and pore structure of high performance
metakaolin and silica fume concrete. Construction and Building Materials 2006; 858-865.
60. Shannag MJ, Shaia HA. Sulfate resistance of high-performance concrete. Cement & Concrete Composites 2003; 363-369.
61. Najimi M, Sobhani J, Pourkhorshid AR. Durability of copper slag contained concrete exposed to sulfate attack. Construction and Building Materials 2011; 1895-1905.
62. Park YS, Suh JK, Lee JH et al. Strength deterioration of high strength concrete in sulfate environment. Cement
and Concrete Research 1999; 29: 1397-1402.
63. Kulakowski MP, Pereira FM, Denise CC et al. Carbonation-induced reinforcement corrosion in silica fume concrete. Construction and Building Materials 23 (2009) 1189-1195.
64. Liua W, Cuia H, Donga Z et al. Carbonation of concrete made with dredged marine sand and its effect on
chloride binding. Construction and Building Materials 2016; 120:0 1-9.
65. Khan MI, Lynsdale CJ. Strength, permeability and carbonation of high performance concrete. Cement Concr Res 2002; 32: 123-31.
Published
2020-05-11
Issue
Section
Review Article
