Failure Prediction of Marine Structures in Extreme Environment: Corrosion Models – A Review

Abstract

One of the most important pillars of global economic growth is now the marine services and industries. The deteriorating mechanisms that might damage materials in the marine environment are known most commonly as corrosion. Corrosion is a major cause of component failure in complex marine systems and structures, which increases the possibility of unscheduled downtime. It affects process equipment longevity and may result in structural failure, leaks, product deterioration, contamination, and even fatalities. Particularly, the numerous localised corrosion types, such as pitting corrosion, rust in crevices and stress corrosion cracking (SCC), typically occur without showing any overt signs of accumulation. In marine environments, various alloy steels, including plain carbon steels and low alloy steels, are widely recognised for their susceptibility to corrosion. Despite this, these steels are still commonly used in offshore structures, marine vessel hulls, retaining walls, and harbour-side facilities primarily because of cost considerations. To enable the anticipation of corrosion in marine structures, this paper conducts a comprehensive examination of different corrosion types, the factors influencing marine corrosion, and various corrosion model types.