Technology for Recycling of Used Diapers Waste

Authors

  • G R K Chandra Dept.of ECE, Andhra Loyola Institute of Engineering and Technology
  • Madhavi Sripathi Dept.of Business and Management Studies, Seshadri Rao Gudlavalleru Engineering College
  • A Manikanta Dept.of Business and Management Studies, Seshadri Rao Gudlavalleru Engineering College
  • T S Leelavati Dept.of Business and Management Studies, Seshadri Rao Gudlavalleru Engineering College.
  • D Kavya Dept.of Business and Management Studies, Seshadri Rao Gudlavalleru Engineering College.
  • Lakshmi Sudha Dept.of Business and Management Studies, Seshadri Rao Gudlavalleru Engineering College

Keywords:

Absorbent Polymer, Landfill, Composting, Incineration, and Recycling

Abstract

This paper objective is to disseminate knowledge about waste technology processing. An approach known as a review of the literature was used in the study. The influence and most recent innovation in resolving issues related to the production and disposal of dirty diapers are thoroughly discussed in this paper. Different technologies were emphasised, notably the safer and cleaner ones like composting and biodegradation to maximise recycling at a lower cost. Additionally, pyrolysis suggests a way to boost the effectiveness of the process of recycling soiled diapers. Finally, if the cost of a sequence of complex operations is less than the price of the finished product, recycling can be encouraged economically. The technology for recycling as a result becomes a key factor. Return on investment, overall costs, and environmental impact are things to consider while selecting a method. Recycling aims to reduce sewage treatment cost while producing final items of the highest calibre. Retrieval methods must have been created to be useful and eco-friendly in order to do this.

References

Asisten Deputy for Telematics and Utilites. (2013). Executive Summary. Sanitary Landfill Policy Study in 2013. Department of Infrastructure Coordination and Regional Development.

BAHP. (2017). Innovative Materials & Design. (Center for Baby and Adult Hygene Products) Retrieved June 2022, from https://www.diaperanswers.org/how-diapers-are-made/innovative-materials-design/

Castrillon, N., Echeverria, M., Fu, H., Roy, A., & Toombs, J. (2019). Super Absorbent Polymer Replacement for Disposable Baby Diapers. Commodity Polymer Project. Berkeley: University of California.

Colo`n, J., M.M., M., Ventosa, I., & Sa`nchez, A. (2013). Performance of Compostable Baby Used Diapers in the Composting Process with the Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste. J. of Waste Management, 33(5), 1097- 1103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2013.01.018

Colo`n, J., Ruggieri, L., Sa`nchez, A., Gonza`lez, A., & Puig, I. (2010). Possibilities of Composting Disposable Diapers with Municipal Solid Wastes. J. Waste Management &Research, 29(3), 249-259. doi: 10.1177/0734242X10364684.

Cordella, M., Bauer, I., Lehmann, A., Schulz, M., & Wolf, O. (2015). Evolution of Disposable Baby Diapers in Europe: Life Cycle Assessment of Environmental Impacts and Identification of Key Areas of Improvement. J. of Cleaner Production, 95, 322-331. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.02.040.

Counts, J., Weisbrod, A., & Yin, S. (2017). Common Diaper Ingredient Questions: Modern Disposable Diaper Materials Are Safe and Extensively Tested. J. Clinical Pediatrics, 56(5S), 23-27. doi:10.1177/0009922817706998.

Das, B., & Kuity, D. (2021). Recycling and Processing of Waste: Needs of the Time. India: SSRN Electronic Journal.

Davidson, L. (2022, May 19). Diaper Facts and Statistic in 2022. (Realdiapers). Retrieved June 2022, from https://realdiapers.org/diaper-facts/doi: 10.4236/jep.2019.105037.

Dursun, S., & Maaroof, M. (2016). Inceneration Methods for Solid Waste from Waste Water Treatment Plants. 3rd International Conference on Sustainable Agriculture and Environment (3rd ICSAE). Warsaw, Poland. ISBN: 978-605-9831-95-6.

EDANA. (2005). Sustainability Report: Baby Diapers and Incontinence Products. Belgium: EDANA. The Absorbent Hygiene Products Manufacturers Committee of EDANA.

ENVIS. (2016, June 10). Pathogens in Human Excreta. (ENVIS Centre on Hygiene, Sanitation, Sewage Treatment Systems and Technology). Retrieved June 2022, from http://www.sulabhenvis.nic.in/Database/sanitation_humanexcreta_2131.aspx

Esmaeili, A., Pourbabaee, A., Alikhani, H., Shabani, F., & Esmaeili, E. (2013). Biodegradation of Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) by Mixed Culture of Lysinibacillus xylanilyticus and Aspergillus niger in Soil. Plos One, 8(9), 1-10. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0071720.

Gajendiran, A., Krishnamoorthy, S., & Abraham, J. (2016). Microbial Degradation of Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) by Aspergillus clavatus Strain JASK1 Isolated from Landfill Soil. J. Biotechnology,6 (52), 1-6. doi: 10.1007/s13205-016-0394-x.

Ghahremani-Nahr, J., Aliahmadi, A., & Nozari, H. (2022). An IoT-based sustainable supply chain framework and blockchain. International Journal of Innovation in Engineering, 2(1), 12-21.

Grover, A., Gupta, A., Chandra, S., & Kumari, A. K. (2015). Polythene and Environment. International Journal of Environment Sciences, 5(6), 1091-1105. doi: 10.6088/ijes.2014050100103.

Helmes, C., O'Connor, R., Sawyer, L., & Young, S. (2014). Disposable Diaper Absorbency: Improvements via Advanced Designs. J. Clinical Pediatrics, 53(9S), 14-15.doi:101177/000992814540377.

Hirsh, S. (2019, August 29). Are Diapers Biodegradable? Here are the Most Sustainable Diaper Options. (Greematters) Retrieved July 03, 2022, from https://www.greenmatters.com/p/are-diapers-biodegradable- compostable.

Ichiura, H., Nakaoka, H., & T., K. (2020). Recycling Disposable Diaper Waste Pulp After Dehydrating the Superabsorbent Polymer through Oxidation Using Ozone. J. Clenaer Production, 276,1-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123350.

Ignatyev, I., Thielemans, W., & Beke, B. (2014). Recycling of Polymers: A Review. Chemistry Sustainability Energy Materials, 0000, 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201300898.

Jadaun, J., Bansal, S., Sonthalia, A., Rai, A., & Singh, S. (2022). Biodegradation of Plastics for Sustainable Environment. Bioresource Technology, 347, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2022.126697.

K., I. (2015). Design Solid Waste Treatment Technology with Landfill System. Bali: Universitas Warmadewa.

Khoo, S., Phang, X., Ng, C., Lim, K., Lam, S., & Ma, N. (2019). Recent Technologies for Treatment and Recycling of Used Disposable Baby Diapers. J. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 123, 116-129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2018.12.016.

Knowaste. (2017). The Knowaste Recycling Process. (Knowaste) Retrieved July 2022, from https://www.knowaste.com/the-knowaste-recycling-process.html

Krafchik, B. (2016). Review: History of Diapers and Diapering. International Journal of Dermatology, 55(1), 4- 6.

Krepsztul, J., & Rydzkowski, T. (2019). Pyrolysis and Inceneration in Polymer Waste Management System. J. of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, 3 (43)(4), 337-342. doi: 10.30464/jmee.2019.3.4.337.

Kyaw, B. M., Champakalakshmi, R., Sakharkar, M., Lim, C., & Sakharkar, K. (2012). Biodegradation of Low Density Polythene (LDPE) by Pseudomonas Species. Indian Journal of Microbiology, 52 (3) , 411-419 doi: 10.1007/s12088-012-0250-6.

LiveDo. (2020, November 5). News Release. Aiming to Spread Used Disposable Diaper Recycling Systems.Retrieved-07,2022,from https://www.livedo.jp/assets/editor/files/Aiming%20to%20Spread%20Used%20Disposable%20Diaper%20Recycling%20Systems%20Developed%20New%20Recycling%20Technology%20for%20Superabsorbent%20Polym ers%20-%281%29.pdf

Meseldzija, J., D., P., & R., F. (2013). Assessment of the Differing Environmental Impacts between Reusable and Disposable Diapers. Ontario: Duffering Research Inc.

Mirza, S., Sasmal, B., Goswami, M., & Patel, P. (2021). Biodegradation of Plastic Using Bacteria - A Review. J. of Science and Technological Researches, 3 (4) , 24-32. https://doi.org/10.51514/JSTR.3.4.2021.24-31.

Morganti, P., & Febo, P. (2017). Problem & Solution for Biodegrading Baby Diapers. Spain: PolyBioSkin Project.

Muhonja, C., Mokende, H., Magoma, G., & Imbuga, M. (2018). Biodegradability of Polyethylene by Bacteria and Fungi from Dandora Dumpsite Nairobi-Kenya. 13(7) , 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0198446.

Nidoni, P. (2017). Inceneration Process for Solud Waste Management and Effective Utilization of by Product. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, 4(2), 378-382.

Nowak, B., Pajak, J., Bratkowicz, M., & Rymarz, G. (2011). Microorganisms Participating in the Biodegradation of Modified Polyethylene Films in Different Soils Under Laboratory Conditions. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 65, , 757-767. doi:10.1016/j.ibiod.2011.04.007.

Ntekpe, M., Mbong, E., Edem, E., & Hussain, S. (2020). Diapers: Impact of Disposal Methods on Public Health and the Environment. J. Medicine and Public Health, 1(2), 1-8.

Ogunbayo, A., Olanipekun, O., & Adamu, I. (2019). Preliminary Studies on the Microbial Degradation of Plastic Waste Using Aspergillus niger and Pseudomonas sp. J. of Environmental Protection, 10, 625-631.

Patil, A., Kulkarni, A., & Patil, B. (2014). Waste to Energy by Inceneration. J. Computing Technologies, 3(6), 2278-3814.

Prasetyo, F., Triastianti, R., & Ayuningtyas, E. (2021). Utilization of Baby Diapers Waste as Planting Media. J. Rekayasa Lingkungan, 21(1), 41-49.

R, C. (2007). Evaluation of Waste Specific Environmental Impacts from Incineration. Denmark: Institute of Environmental & Resources. Technical University of Denmark.

Raaman, N., Rajitha, N., Jayshree, A., & Jegadeesh, R. (2012). Biodegradation of Plastic by Aspergillus spp. Isolated from Polythene Polluted Sites Around Chennai. J. of Academia and Industrial Research, 1 (6), 313-317. ISSN: 2278-5213.

Ramdani, N., Mustam, M., Harun, A., Azis, H., & Setiawan, M. (2021). The Role of Super Absorbent Polymers in Baby Diapers in Controlling Soil Moisture. J. Pendidikan, Matematika dan Sains, 6(1), 91-100.

Remigios, M. (2014). The Environmental Health Implications of the Use and Disposal of Disposable Child Diapers in Senga, Nehosho Suburb in Gweru City, Zimbabwe. Global Journal of Biology, Agriculture & Health Sciences, 3(2), 122-127.

Madhavi Sripathi, T.S.Leelavati (2022), A Green Marketing Exploration: A Shift from Traditional Marketing for a Sustainable Environment, NeuroQuantology, 20(8), 2785-2792.

Published

2023-11-10

How to Cite

Chandra, G. R. K. ., Sripathi, M. ., Manikanta, A. ., Leelavati, T. S. ., Kavya, D. ., & Sudha, L. . (2023). Technology for Recycling of Used Diapers Waste. Journal of Advanced Research in Operational and Marketing Management, 6(2), 12-20. Retrieved from https://adrjournalshouse.com/index.php/Journal-OperationalMarketing-Mgt/article/view/1784